Seismics Borehole

These methods make it possible to accurately determine the propagation velocities of elastic waves (P-waves and S-waves) along known depths, as well as to calculate key geotechnical parameters, such as shear modulus, Young’s modulus, and compressibility modulus.

The investigation is based on the insertion of a seismic source and triaxial geophones inside one or more boreholes. In the down-hole configuration, the source is placed at the surface, while the geophones are lowered progressively in depth; in contrast, in the cross-hole configuration, both the source and the sensors are inserted in separate holes at the same depth, allowing direct velocity measurement between two known points. In the 3D cross-hole variant, the use of multiple holes arranged in complex geometric configurations allows for a three-dimensional reconstruction of the volume being investigated, which is particularly useful in advanced engineering and the design of strategic works.