{"id":109186,"date":"2025-07-29T14:47:39","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T12:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/?page_id=109186"},"modified":"2025-07-30T16:22:24","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T14:22:24","slug":"other-seismic-methods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/other-seismic-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"Other seismic methods"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;60&#8243; back_color=&#8221;color-172302&#8243; back_image=&#8221;105186&#8243; kburns=&#8221;yes&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;40&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;159769&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;dark&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;704479&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;dark&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;103021&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h1&#8243; text_font=&#8221;font-377884&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h1&#8243; text_weight=&#8221;500&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;curtain-words&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;520587&#8243;]Other seismic methods[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;179310&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;953999&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;300&#8243; toggle=&#8221;yes&#8221; max_height=&#8221;450&#8243; max_height_mobile=&#8221;60vh&#8221; closed_txt=&#8221;Read more&#8221; btn_margin=&#8221;sm&#8221; open_txt=&#8221;Chiudi&#8221; btn_margin_open=&#8221;sm&#8221; btn_align=&#8221;left&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;322093&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;108763&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;100568&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;155712&#8243;]ESAC Seismic Survey[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;771994&#8243;]ESAC (Extended Spatial Autocorrelation) passive seismic survey allows estimation of the variation of shear wave velocity (Vs) with depth, which is useful for subsurface modeling and seismic classification of soils. It is a passive technique that relies on the analysis of ambient noise recorded by a series of geophones arranged generally along two branches orthogonal to each other or with more geometrically complex configurations. The ESAC survey is particularly used in Seismic Microzonation studies because of its ability to investigate greater depths than other passive methodologies.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;600&#8243; toggle=&#8221;yes&#8221; max_height=&#8221;450&#8243; max_height_mobile=&#8221;60vh&#8221; closed_txt=&#8221;Read more&#8221; btn_margin=&#8221;sm&#8221; open_txt=&#8221;Chiudi&#8221; btn_align=&#8221;left&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;184747&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;108766&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;151687&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;105467&#8243;]MASW Seismic Survey[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;135660&#8243;]The M.A.S.W. method (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) allows, through the acquisition of Rayleigh and Love surface waves recorded by a series of geophones along a straight spread and connected to a common multichannel seismograph, the reconstruction of a vertical velocity profile of Shear Waves (Vs). Surface waves are easily generated by a seismic source such as, for example, a beating bat. Acquisition can be done with vertical energization and the use of vertical geophones (ZVF) or with transverse energization, using horizontal geophones (THF).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;800&#8243; toggle=&#8221;yes&#8221; max_height=&#8221;450&#8243; max_height_mobile=&#8221;60vh&#8221; closed_txt=&#8221;Read more&#8221; btn_margin=&#8221;sm&#8221; open_txt=&#8221;Chiudi&#8221; btn_align=&#8221;left&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;154601&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;108769&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;184206&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;144943&#8243;]HVSR Seismic Survey[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;439834&#8243;]Passive seismic survey HVRS is able to detect the characteristic resonant frequencies of soils. It is particularly used in Seismic Microzonation studies and for the design of earthquake-resistant buildings; in addition, the versatility of this type of survey also makes it possible to obtain the resonance frequencies of a building and then compare them with those of the soil. The technique involves making ambient noise recordings using a digital tromometer connected to a seismograph.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;300&#8243; toggle=&#8221;yes&#8221; max_height=&#8221;450&#8243; max_height_mobile=&#8221;60vh&#8221; closed_txt=&#8221;Read more&#8221; btn_margin=&#8221;sm&#8221; open_txt=&#8221;Chiudi&#8221; btn_align=&#8221;left&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;183297&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;108772&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;193670&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;149171&#8243;]Re.Mi. Seismic Survey[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;660028&#8243;]This method, whose name is derived from Refraction Microtremor, uses the same array as an M.A.S.W. or refraction seismic, low-frequency geophones, but, instead of recording the seismic perturbation induced by an energization, it records, for a time period of 20 to 30 seconds, microtremors.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;600&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;629200&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;800&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;815608&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][uncode_block id=&#8221;108091&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;60&#8243; back_color=&#8221;color-172302&#8243; back_image=&#8221;105186&#8243; kburns=&#8221;yes&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;40&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;159769&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;dark&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":108775,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-109186","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","page_category-seismic-methods"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109186"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":109188,"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109186\/revisions\/109188"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geosurveys.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}